A类研究生英语题库_大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)题库

问答题Section D （10 marks） Questions 71—75 are based on the following passage． Sport is ubiquitous． Sky TV has at least thirteen sports channels． Throughout the world there is a proliferation of newspapers and magazines totally dedicated to sport． Sports personalities have become cultural icons ， worshipped like movie － stars and sought after by sponsors and advertisers alike． Where sport was once for fun and amateurs， it is now the stuff of serious investment． Of course， sport has always mattered． But the point is that in the past sport knew its place． Now it invades areas of life where previously it had no presence： fashion， showbiz， business． It is a worldwide obsession． What is it that makes sport so enjoyable for so many First， we seriously believe that sport is something we can all do， however badly or however well． Tens of thousands set off on the London and New York Marathons． Amateur football matches take place all over the world every weekend． Sport is a democratic activity． Second， sports stars are self－made people． Sport is dominated by athletes from ordinary backgrounds． This is why it is a classic means by which those from the poorest backgrounds can seek fame and fortune． Third， we enjoy watching sport because we like to see the supreme skill of those who act like gladiators in the modern arena． There is the excitement of not knowing who is going to win． No rock concert， no movie， no play can offer that kind of spontaneous uncertainty． This gut －wrenching experience can be shared with a crowd of fifty round a widescreen TV in a pub， or a thronging mass of 100，000 live in a stadium． The rise of sport has been accompanied by the growing prominence of sports stars． They have become public figures， hence in great demand for TV commercials． The rise of the sports star is mirrored by the rise of sports companies such as Nike and Adidas． “Sport probably does more to unify nations than any politician has ever been capable of”． So said Nelson Mandela． The only truly global occasions are the Olympics and World Cup，watched by thousands of millions across the world． These great sporting events bring together players and athletes from different races like no other． Not only that， but sport provides just about the only example of global democracy where the rich do not dominate on the contrary， Brazilians have long been supreme at football， the Kenyans at middle－distance running， and black Americans at boxing． However， there are signs of disquiet in this vast， global industry． The sheer volume of sport is reaching the bursting point for all but the most besotted fan． Overpaid tennis players and golfers fly endlessly in personal jets from one meaningless tournament to the next． Sport risks kelling itself through greed and over－exposure． The danger is that we will all become satiated and ultimately disillusioned． Questions 71 to 75 Complete the summary below with information from the passage ， using no more than three words for each blank． Sport is now enjoying popularity all over the world． Besides the entertaining quality， it has turned into a kind of （71） ______． Furthermore， the worldwide obsession to it leads to its （72） ______ in many fields ． There are three points which can shed a light on its unique charm： it being a democratic activity， athletes from ordinary backgrounds， and audience enjoying （ 73 ） ______ that they can’t get from other kinds of entertainments ． More importantly， sport is playing a significant role in （74） ______ and offering global democracy． However， this global industry will probably be confronted with audiences’ （75） ______ due to its over－exposure．

参考答案：satiation and disillusion

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1.问答题虽然鼓通常被用来为其他乐器伴奏，但鼓乐在很多文化的宗教仪式中发挥着重要作用。（accompany）

参考答案：Although drums are often used to accompany other instruments...

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2.问答题Section C （10 marks） Questions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage． In the past ， most cities usually were the natural outgrowth of villages and towns that happened to prosper． Rome started out as a small village， as did Athens， Paris， London and New York． Of course， there were exceptions to this general rule． In ancient times， Alexandria in Egypt， and Saint Petersburg， were both planned cities． But for the most part， cities throughout history were not the products of deliberate thought． Today the reverse is true ． Many nations，alarmed by the urban sprawl that has been gobbling up farmland and open countryside ， and appalled by the staggering urban problems in the central cities， have begun building new cities that are specifically designed to meet modern needs． Britain has long been a pioneer in planning new cities ． As the first nation to become industrialized and urbanized， it faced traffic， slums and pollution long before anyone else． In 1898 an Englishman， Sir Ebenezer Howard， published a book called To－morrow： a Peaceful Path to Real Reform， in which he advocated a new form of urban growth and organization： the “garden city”． Such a city combined the beauty of nature－trees， grass， sunshine and fresh air －with all the advantages of city living， including an abundance of jobs， social and cultural centres and good shopping facilities ． The garden city was to be fairly small int size and the inhabitants would have easy access to the countryside， while at the same time they would be close to their work． In 1899 Howard organized the Garden City Association and in 1903 and 1920 he built the first and the second garden city ， Letchworth and Welwyn Garden City ． These projects encountered many difficulties and failed to arouse widespread enthusiasm． Nevertheless， both Welwyn and Letchworth survived and grew， and in later years－particularly after World War II －British planners looked at them with renewed interest． The war had given the British a painful lesson in the weakness of modern，heavily populated cities． Cities were not the places of refuge they had once been． One the contrary， the invention of the aeroplane had made them the most vulnerable targets for attack． Aerial warfare made it clear that people were far safer outside the great urban centres． It was better not to concentrate so much of the population and industrial resources in a few large cities， but to spread them out into many smaller towns and cities ． Fast ， modern transportation methods made such dispersal possible．Furthermore，these new towns－modeled on Howard’s garden cities－could also drain off the surplus population of the large cities， relieving the overcrowded conditions， housing shortages， slums and traffic jams that plagued them． Questions 66 to 68 Mark each statement as either true （T） or false （F） according to the passage． Questions 69—70 Translate the following sentences of the passage into Chinese ． Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet．Many nations， alarmed by the urban sprawl that has been gobbling up farmland and open countryside， and appalled by the staggering urban problems in the central cities， have begun building new cities that are specifically designed to meet modern needs．

参考答案：城市的扩张侵占了农田和开阔的农村，这给许多国家敲响了警钟，他们被中心城市出现的令人困惑的城市化问题所震惊，于是已经开始建...

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3.多项选择题Section B （10 marks） Questions 61－65 are based on the following passage． For more than a mile， the desert in southern Peru has a curious ruler－straight and tacksharp design made by rocks ． The wandering mule paths that cross it only emphasize its precision． Throughout hundreds of square miles of arid plateau， other such markings around， most of them concentrated between the towns of Nazca and Palpa． Known as the Nazca Lines， they form a geometric mélange of quardrangles， triangles，and trapezoids ． The markings also form spirals and flowers， narrow lines that extend more than five miles， and a desert zoo of giant creatures － birds ， reptiles ，whales， a monkey， and a spider－ all made by stones whose patterns can only be seen from the air． Because some of the figures resemble the ones that decorate Nazca pottery， archaeologists attribute the lines to the Nazcas， a coastal people whose culture rose， flourished， and declined between 100 BC and AD 700． Making the patterns must have been extremely time－consuming． The Nazcas must have cleared millions of rocks to expose the lighter ground beneath them，piled the rocks in rows，and created designs that， in this nearly rainless region， can last thousands of years． But why did they construct them Nobody really knows． There have been many guesses．Some say that they were prehistoric roads，or farms．Others say they were signals or offerings to celestial beings． It has also been suggested that they constitute a giant astronomical calendar， an almanac for farmers who wished to predict the return of water to valley streams． One study did ascertain that some of the lines point to solstice positions of the sun and moon in ancient times， as well as to the rising and setting points on the horizon of some of the bright stars． But none of the theories have proven to be correct． And so the mystery remains， including the most tantalizing question of all： why did the Nazcas create immense designs that they themselves could never see ， designs that people nowadays can only see from the air One person who worked to find out the answer was Maria Reiche． For over forty years she photographed and charted “las lineas”， striving to complete a map of the hundreds of designs and figures of this area， which is some thirty miles long and threaded by the Pan American highway． This determined German － born mathematician slept on a camp cot behind her car on the rocky， grassless Peruvian “pampa”， and even when she was elderly， got up before daylight to conduct her research． She scorned the suggestion that the markings may have been airfields for outer － space visitors to earth during prehistoric times． “Once you remove the stones， the ground is quite soft，” she said． “I’m afraid the spacemen would have gotten stuck．” Although Maria Reiche was not able to find the answer ， she crusaded to preserve the patterns so that others following her might have a chance to do so． Questions 61 to 65 Answer the following questions with the information given in the passage in a maximum of fifteen words for each question．

Did Maria Reiche believe the Nazca Lines have something to do with outer－space visitors What was her reason

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4.问答题Section A （10 marks） Questions 56—60 are based on the following passage． I want to talk about the economy , not the one we hear about endlessly in the news each day and in politicians’speeches,but the one we live in day by day．It’s where most of us live on a daily basis， earning our living， paying our taxes ， and purchasing the necessities of life． The term “economic expansion” suggests something desirable and benevolent， but expansion simply means spending more money． More spending doesn’t mean that life is getting better． More spending merely feeds our whole economic system， which is based on production and consumption． Unless money keeps circulating， the economy collapses． If we don’t keep consuming， then manufacturers and retailers go out of business． As a leading economist put it， consumer societies are “in need of need”． We don’t need the things the economy produces as much as the economy needs our sense of need for things． Need is the miracle that keeps the engines of expansion turning relentlessly． In economics， there is no concept of enough． It is a hunger that cannot be satisfied． There is so much craziness in the world． There is a American company that manufactures a range of food with a high fat content ． This causes obesity and high blood pressure ． By coincidence， the same company also makes products that help people who are trying to diet．Not only that， it even produces pills for those with high blood pressure． Nearly all of my mail consists of bills，banks trying to lend me money，catalogues trying to make me spend it ， and charity appeals for the losers in this ecstasy of consumption － the homeless， the refugees， the exploited， the starving． Why is it possible to buy strawberries from Ecuador and green beans from Kenya when these countries can hardly feed their own people It is because there are cash crops， and the countries need the money to service their debts． Notice that servicing a debt does not mean paying it off． It means just paying the interest ． Western banks make vast profits from third world debt． We buy clothes that are manufactured in sweat shops by virtual slaves in poor parts of the world． We create mountains of waste． We demand cheap food， mindless of the fact that it is totally devoid of taste and is produced using chemicals that poison the land． We insist on our right to drive our own car wherever we want to go． The evil of the consumption culture is the way it makes us oblivious to the impact of our own behavior． Our main problem is not that we don’t know what to do about it． It is mustering the desire to do it． Questions 56—60 Complete the following sentences with information given in the passage， using a maximum of four words for each sentence．The reason poor countries like Ecuador and Kenya export their crops is to get money to ______．

参考答案：service their debts

5.填空题A top racehorse was brought down at Royal Ascot with a shot from a high－tech sound gun，a court was told yesterday． The gun was built into a pair of binoculars and fired from the crowd as the horse was （46） ______ sight of certain victory． The "technically brilliant” ultra－sonic device－（47） ______ could not be heard by people－was devised by a back－street inventor． It was to be used with potentially devastating effect in a secret plan “to destroy the entire system of race－course betting and bookmaking in this country，” defence lawyer Jonathan Goldberg told Southwark Crown Court in London． He said it had the potential to make a fortune in bets （48） ______ the favourite because it made sure that the horse would lose． It was used last year to unseat the leading jockey Greville Starkey from Ile de Chypre just before the end of the King George V Handicap， which it （49） ______ （doubt） would have won， he said． The astonishing story was told by the defence during a trial in which the inventor of the （50） g______， James Laming， denies drug conspiracy charges． It came to light because of his alleged connections with a drug baron who wanted to use the gun to help him win large bets． The inventor is a 49－year－old grandfather and south London car dealer who lives with his mother－in－law in a terraced house． He told the court that he got all the （51） inf______ on ultra－sonics for the gun from the Encyclopedia Britannica and tested it on horses in fields． The gun was made from a pair of race binoculars． Showing them to the jury， Mr Goldberg said： “This device subjected a passing racehorse to a sudden and （52） ______ （deaf） noise which we human beings cannot hear at all． It is the equivalent in suddenness to letting a loud firework （53） exp ______ in its ears．” The noise would be “a horrible ear－piercing shriek” like the feedback from a microphone．Because racehorses were sensitive and temperamental it would have the （54） ef ______ of making the horse swerve and unseat the rider． “It left no evidence of its use and no permanent disability for the animal，” he said． The plan was to use the gun for horse races and possibly for greyhound races． Mr Goldberg said： “He would fire it （55） ______ the favourite or second favourite in a race．” “These criminals， of course， were in a unique position to ensure that the horse lost．”

参考答案：undoubtedly

6.单项选择题Conversation TwoWho will be the potential tourists

A．The general public．
B．Those wanting rest and recreation．
C．Risk－takers．

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7.填空题Speaker： chairman of the Carocan Group－a （21） Topic： How to achieve success Obstacles for success： ● Fear of （22） ______ （the （23） ______ one to deal with） Analysis： It can be both a （24） _____． In fact daring not to take opportunities discloses your （25） ______ about your ability to succeed． Suggestion： Admit your fear and meet it （26） ● Fear of （27） Analysis： It is in fact the fear of （28） Suggestion：（29） Conclusion： In order to succeed， you need to （30） ______ opportunities．

参考答案：motivator and (a) drawback

8.问答题情绪低落时，你渴望的也许不只是享用一口有营养的或者美味的失误。（yearn for）

参考答案：When you’re feeling down or distressed, you probably yearn f...

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9.问答题Section D （10 marks） Questions 71—75 are based on the following passage． Sport is ubiquitous． Sky TV has at least thirteen sports channels． Throughout the world there is a proliferation of newspapers and magazines totally dedicated to sport． Sports personalities have become cultural icons ， worshipped like movie － stars and sought after by sponsors and advertisers alike． Where sport was once for fun and amateurs， it is now the stuff of serious investment． Of course， sport has always mattered． But the point is that in the past sport knew its place． Now it invades areas of life where previously it had no presence： fashion， showbiz， business． It is a worldwide obsession． What is it that makes sport so enjoyable for so many First， we seriously believe that sport is something we can all do， however badly or however well． Tens of thousands set off on the London and New York Marathons． Amateur football matches take place all over the world every weekend． Sport is a democratic activity． Second， sports stars are self－made people． Sport is dominated by athletes from ordinary backgrounds． This is why it is a classic means by which those from the poorest backgrounds can seek fame and fortune． Third， we enjoy watching sport because we like to see the supreme skill of those who act like gladiators in the modern arena． There is the excitement of not knowing who is going to win． No rock concert， no movie， no play can offer that kind of spontaneous uncertainty． This gut －wrenching experience can be shared with a crowd of fifty round a widescreen TV in a pub， or a thronging mass of 100，000 live in a stadium． The rise of sport has been accompanied by the growing prominence of sports stars． They have become public figures， hence in great demand for TV commercials． The rise of the sports star is mirrored by the rise of sports companies such as Nike and Adidas． “Sport probably does more to unify nations than any politician has ever been capable of”． So said Nelson Mandela． The only truly global occasions are the Olympics and World Cup，watched by thousands of millions across the world． These great sporting events bring together players and athletes from different races like no other． Not only that， but sport provides just about the only example of global democracy where the rich do not dominate on the contrary， Brazilians have long been supreme at football， the Kenyans at middle－distance running， and black Americans at boxing． However， there are signs of disquiet in this vast， global industry． The sheer volume of sport is reaching the bursting point for all but the most besotted fan． Overpaid tennis players and golfers fly endlessly in personal jets from one meaningless tournament to the next． Sport risks kelling itself through greed and over－exposure． The danger is that we will all become satiated and ultimately disillusioned． Questions 71 to 75 Complete the summary below with information from the passage ， using no more than three words for each blank． Sport is now enjoying popularity all over the world． Besides the entertaining quality， it has turned into a kind of （71） ______． Furthermore， the worldwide obsession to it leads to its （72） ______ in many fields ． There are three points which can shed a light on its unique charm： it being a democratic activity， athletes from ordinary backgrounds， and audience enjoying （ 73 ） ______ that they can’t get from other kinds of entertainments ． More importantly， sport is playing a significant role in （74） ______ and offering global democracy． However， this global industry will probably be confronted with audiences’ （75） ______ due to its over－exposure．

参考答案：unifying nations

10.判断题Section C （10 marks） Questions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage． In the past ， most cities usually were the natural outgrowth of villages and towns that happened to prosper． Rome started out as a small village， as did Athens， Paris， London and New York． Of course， there were exceptions to this general rule． In ancient times， Alexandria in Egypt， and Saint Petersburg， were both planned cities． But for the most part， cities throughout history were not the products of deliberate thought． Today the reverse is true ． Many nations，alarmed by the urban sprawl that has been gobbling up farmland and open countryside ， and appalled by the staggering urban problems in the central cities， have begun building new cities that are specifically designed to meet modern needs． Britain has long been a pioneer in planning new cities ． As the first nation to become industrialized and urbanized， it faced traffic， slums and pollution long before anyone else． In 1898 an Englishman， Sir Ebenezer Howard， published a book called To－morrow： a Peaceful Path to Real Reform， in which he advocated a new form of urban growth and organization： the “garden city”． Such a city combined the beauty of nature－trees， grass， sunshine and fresh air －with all the advantages of city living， including an abundance of jobs， social and cultural centres and good shopping facilities ． The garden city was to be fairly small int size and the inhabitants would have easy access to the countryside， while at the same time they would be close to their work． In 1899 Howard organized the Garden City Association and in 1903 and 1920 he built the first and the second garden city ， Letchworth and Welwyn Garden City ． These projects encountered many difficulties and failed to arouse widespread enthusiasm． Nevertheless， both Welwyn and Letchworth survived and grew， and in later years－particularly after World War II －British planners looked at them with renewed interest． The war had given the British a painful lesson in the weakness of modern，heavily populated cities． Cities were not the places of refuge they had once been． One the contrary， the invention of the aeroplane had made them the most vulnerable targets for attack． Aerial warfare made it clear that people were far safer outside the great urban centres． It was better not to concentrate so much of the population and industrial resources in a few large cities， but to spread them out into many smaller towns and cities ． Fast ， modern transportation methods made such dispersal possible．Furthermore，these new towns－modeled on Howard’s garden cities－could also drain off the surplus population of the large cities， relieving the overcrowded conditions， housing shortages， slums and traffic jams that plagued them． Questions 66 to 68 Mark each statement as either true （T） or false （F） according to the passage． Questions 69—70 Translate the following sentences of the passage into Chinese ． Remember to write the answers on the answer sheet．It can be inferred that the author believes the construction of big cities is a mistake．

参考答案：对

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